<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Multiple sclerosis: Magnetization transfer histogram analysis of segmented normal-appearing white matter</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">RADIOLOGY</style></secondary-title><short-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">RADIOLOGY</style></short-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2000</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2000///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">216</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">351 - 355</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">0033-8419</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">PURPOSE: To investigate and characterize the global distributionof magnetization transfer (MT) ratio values of normal-appearing 
white matter (NAWM) in patients with relapsing-remitting 
multiple sclerosis (MS) and test the hypothesis that the MT 
histogram for NAWM reflects disease progression. MATERIALS AND 
METHODS: Conventional and MT magnetic resonance (MR) images were 
obtained in 23 patients and 25 healthy volunteers. Clinical 
tests for comparison with the MT histogram parameters included 
the Extended Disability Status Scale and the ambulation index. 
Lesion load calculated with T2-weighted MR images and whole-
brain and white matter volumes were measured. RESULTS: The 
location of the MT histogram peak and the mean MT ratio for NAWM 
were significantly lower in patients with MS than in control 
subjects. In longitudinal studies, the histogram peak location 
and mean MT ratio shifted in the direction of normal values as 
the duration of disease increased. A mean of 26.5% of the volume 
of new lesions identified on the later studies were demonstrated 
to have originated in NAWM corresponding to &quot;lost&quot; pixels on the 
histogram. CONCLUSION: MT histogram analysis of NAWM, including 
longitudinal analysis, may provide new prognostic information 
regarding lesion formation and increase understanding of the 
course of the disease.
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">UT: 000088430800008ScopusID: 0033894599</style></notes></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Numerical tissue characterization in MS via standardization of the MR image intensity scale</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING</style></secondary-title><short-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">JMRI - J MAGN RESON IM</style></short-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2000</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2000///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">715 - 721</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1053-1807</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Image intensity standardization is a recently developedpostprocessing method that is capable of correcting the signal 
intensity variations in MR images. We evaluated signal intensity 
of healthy and diseased tissues in 10 multiple sclerosis (MS) 
patients based on standardized dual fast spin-echo MR images 
using a numerical postprocessing technique. The main idea of 
this technique is to deform the volume image histogram of each 
study to match a standard histogram and to utilize the resulting 
transformation to map the image intensities into standard scale. 
Upon standardization, the coefficients of variation of signal 
intensities for each segmented tissue (gray matter, white 
matter, lesion plaques, and diffuse abnormal white matter) in 
all patients were significantly smaller (2.3-9.2 times) than in 
the original images, and the same tissues from different 
patients looked alike, with similar intensity characteristics. 
Numerical tissue characterizability of different tissues in MS 
achieved by standardization offers a fixed tissue-specific 
meaning for the numerical values and can significantly 
facilitate image segmentation and analysis.
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">UT: 000171295400008ScopusID: 0033754689doi: 10.1002/1522-2586(200011)12:5&amp;lt;715::AID-JMRI8&amp;gt;3.0.CO;2-D</style></notes></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>47</ref-type><contributors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Numerical Tissue Characterization in MS via Standardization of the MR Image Intensity Scale</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine: Eight Scientific Meeting and Exhibition</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2000</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Apr 2000</style></date></pub-dates></dates><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Berkeley</style></pub-location><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">579</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>13</ref-type><contributors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Magnetization Transfer Histogram Analysis of Segmented Normal- Appearing White Matter in Multiple Sclerosis</style></title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1999</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1999///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>47</ref-type><contributors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Magnetization Transfer Histogram Analysis of Segmented Normal-Appearing White Matter in Multiple Sclerosis</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine: Seventh Scientific Meeting and Exhibition</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1999</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">May 1999</style></date></pub-dates></dates><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Berkeley</style></pub-location><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">957</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>13</ref-type><contributors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Numerical Tissue Characterization in MS via Standardization of the MR Image Intensity Scale</style></title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1999</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1999///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record></records></xml>